Hinduism is one of the world’s major religions, and possibly the
oldest organized religion. For its more than a billion devotees, it is
a way of living — an integral part of a followers’ life, permeating
daily schedules from birth and childhood, and onto old age.
Although Hinduism as it is practiced today is generally a
patriarchal system, its ancient roots are matriarchal. Unlike most
major religions, Hinduism has a multitude of masculine and
feminine deities that are worshipped and receive equal veneration
from its devotees. In the Hindu tradition matriarchal principles and
traditions still exist. They are evident in some of the most
important rituals and ceremonies of the religion.
My goal is to illustrate three things:
• How Hinduism’s cosmology is intrinsic to the ordinary
practicioners’ lives;
• Evidence of matriarchal principles and practices, and how
male and female roles are articulated;
• How these ancient rituals survive and thrive today.
IMAGE CAPTION: Women are the primary participants in the
Swasthani Puja, one of the important Hindu festivals in Nepal. For
one month, from sunrise to sunset, about 200 women leave their
families and villages to fast and pray. The arduous regimen tests
the pilgrims’ resolve and faith. In order to overcome the
hardships, the women support each other, forming alliances and
new friendships that continue throughout their lives.
