/ 2010 / Photojournalism / Travel/Tourism

Kawah Ijen Sulphur Mine

  • Photographer
    nicolas metraux, Switzerland
  • Date of Photograph
    online
  • Studio
    BM-photo
  • Website
    http://www.bm-photo.ch

Kawah Ijen Volcano, East Java, Indonesia.
Workers come here to extract pure sulfur blocks in extremely difficult conditions. Their daily income is about 5 USD. Without any effective protection, they inhale toxic fumes of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrochloric acid. These fumes attack the lungs and mucous membranes : their life expectancy is considerably reduced.
Sulfur is used for vulcanizing rubber, bleaching sugar and other industrial processes.

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